Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Chowumitsira Chozizira (Lyophilizer)

A Chowumitsira Chozizira(lyophilizer) imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya sublimation kuti iume. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuzizira mofulumira kwa zinthuzo kutentha kochepa, kenako, pansi pa malo oyenera otayira mpweya, kulola mamolekyu a madzi ozizira kulowa mwachindunji mu nthunzi ya madzi ndikutuluka. Chopangidwacho chomwe chimapezeka pouma mufiriji chimatchedwa lyophilizate (kapena chinthu chopangidwa ndi lyophilized), ndipo njirayi imadziwika kuti lyophilization.

Zisanaume, zinthuzo zimakhalabe kutentha kochepa (mu chisanu), ndipo ma crystals a ayezi amagawidwa mofanana mkati mwake. Pa nthawi ya sublimation, palibe kuchuluka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusowa madzi m'thupi, motero kupewa zotsatirapo zoyipa monga thovu kapena oxidation zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha nthunzi ya madzi. Zinthu zoumazo zimakhala ngati siponji youma, yokhala ndi mabowo, yopanda kusintha kwa voliyumu, ndipo zimasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi kuti zibwezeretse momwe zinalili poyamba. Njirayi imaletsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa zinthuzo ndi physicochemical.

 

Chowumitsira chozizira chimakhala ndi makina oziziritsira, makina ochotsera mpweya, makina otenthetsera, ndi makina owongolera zida zamagetsi. Zigawo zake zazikulu ndi chipinda chowumitsira, choziziritsira mpweya (msampha wozizira), chipinda choziziritsira mpweya, pampu yochotsera mpweya, ndi zipangizo zotenthetsera/zoziziritsira. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya chowumitsira mpweya chozizira ndi kuzizira choyamba kuti chiume mpaka kutentha kochepera katatu, kenako, pansi pa vacuum, kulola madzi olimba (ayezi) omwe ali mu chinthucho kuti alowe mu nthunzi ya madzi ndikuchotsedwa, motero kuumitsa chinthucho. Pambuyo pokonza, chinthucho chimatumizidwa ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zoziziritsira mwachangu kuti chiziziritse, kenako chimasamutsidwira ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zoumitsira kuti chizimitse madzi, kenako chimayikidwa mu malo ogwirira ntchito pambuyo pokonza. Dongosolo la vacuum limapanga malo otsika mphamvu ya chipinda choumitsira mpweya, makina otenthetsera amapereka kutentha kobisika kwa sublimation ku chinthucho, ndipo makina oziziritsira amapereka mphamvu yoziziritsira yofunikira ya msampha wozizira ndi chipinda choumitsira.

 

Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa radiation moyenera, kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumafalikira mofanana pa chinthucho. Chili ndi msampha wozizira wogwira nthunzi ya madzi womwe ungathe kusungunuka mwachangu, chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso cholekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi, komanso makina oziziritsira omwe amapereka kuziziritsa komwe kukufunika kudzera m'mabwalo angapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti mphamvu zisamawonongeke. Dongosolo lowongolera luntha lochita kupanga limatsimikizira kuti ntchito yake ndi yolondola kwambiri komanso yosavuta.

Zofunikira pa khalidwe la zinthu zouma mufiriji ndi izi: ntchito yosasinthika ya zamoyo, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wofanana, mawonekedwe okhuthala, kapangidwe kolimba, kusungunuka mwachangu, ndi chinyezi chochepa chotsalira. Kuti mupeze zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kumvetsetsa bwino chiphunzitso ndi njira zouma mufiriji ndikofunikira. Njira youma mufiriji imakhala ndi magawo atatu: kuzizira, kuzizira, ndi kuuma kwachiwiri. Kufupikitsa bwino nthawi youma mufiriji kuli ndi phindu lalikulu pazachuma popanga mafakitale.