Distillation ya mamolekyulu ndiukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyeretsa ndi kulekanitsa komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito ma evaporation ndi ma condensation a mamolekyu pansi pa zovuta zosiyanasiyana kuti alekanitse zinthu.
Molecular distillationzimadalira kusiyana kwa mfundo zowira za zigawo zosakaniza, monga zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi malo otentha kwambiri zimafuna kutentha kwakukulu kuti zisasunthike. Komabe, mu distillation wamba, zigawozi zimatha kung'ambika kapena kuwonongeka, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kapena kutsika kwabwino. Mu distillation ya molekyulu, kusakaniza kumatenthedwa kudzera mu chipangizo chamtali wautali (chotchedwa molecular sieve), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchuluke pang'onopang'ono mkati mwa chigawocho. Popeza chigawo chilichonse chimakhala ndi malo otentha osiyana, amasanduka nthunzi ndi kuwundananso pamalo osiyanasiyana pagawo. Nthawi zina, nthunzi imatha kusonkhanitsidwa pa kutentha bwino, kusunga chiyero chake.
Zida zopangira distillation za mamolekyulu nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi thanki yopukutira, heater, condenser, mpope, ndi zina. M'munsimu muli mawu oyamba a makhalidwe a zigawo izi:
Tanki ya Distillation:Tanki ya distillation ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zopangira ma molekyulu. Iyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikizira kuti ipewe kutuluka kwa gasi. Kuonjezera apo, thanki ya distillation iyenera kukhala yowonekera kuti iwonetsetse momwe madzi akuyendera, kuwongolera kusintha kwa evaporation ndi condensation.
Chotenthetsera:Chotenthetsera nthawi zambiri chimapereka kutentha kudzera muzitsulo zamagetsi zamagetsi kapena zowotcha mafuta kuti zikweze kutentha kwa chinthu kuti chiyeretsedwe. Chotenthetseracho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yotenthetsera yokhazikika komanso kutentha koyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti ziwombankhanga zimakhala zofanana komanso zosasinthasintha.
Condenser:Condenser ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimasintha zinthu kuchokera ku mpweya kupita kumadzi, kuteteza kutaya kwa gasi. Ma condenser nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa kwa madzi kapena njira zoziziritsira mpweya kuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya umalowa mkati mwa condenser pamlingo woyenera.
Pampu:Pampuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka posunga mpweya wotsekemera mkati mwa thanki ya distillation, kuwonetsetsa kuti chinthucho chimatuluka nthunzi ndikukhazikika pansi pazovuta kwambiri. Mapampu wamba amaphatikiza mapampu amakina ndi mapampu otulutsa.
Zida zopangira ma molekyulu ndi zida zoyeretsera bwino komanso zolekanitsa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mankhwala, mankhwala, ndi kukonza zakudya. Kupyolera mu zigawo zokonzedwa bwino ndi ntchito yawo yogwirizana, zimathandiza kuti pakhale kusiyana kofulumira, kothandiza, komanso kolondola kwa zosakaniza zovuta.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi ukadaulo wa distillation wa mamolekyulu kapena magawo ena okhudzana nawo, kapena ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, chonde khalani omasukaCtipezeniakatswiri timu. Tadzipereka kukupatsirani ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri komansoTurnkeySmalingaliro.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-06-2024