Momwe Mungapangire Maluwa Osungidwa Pogwiritsa Ntchito Chowumitsira Chozizira

Ⅰ. Njira Yosungira Maluwa Yamaluwa

1. Kuchiza:

Yambani posankha maluwa athanzi, monga maluwa okhala ndi pafupifupi 80%. Maluwa ayenera kukhala owoneka bwino, okhala ndi masamba okhuthala, owoneka bwino, tsinde lamphamvu, ndi mitundu yowoneka bwino. Musanayambe kuzizira, perekani mankhwala oteteza mitundu poviika maluwa mu 10% tartaric acid solution kwa mphindi 10. Chotsani ndikuwumitsa pang'onopang'ono, kenaka konzekerani kuzizira.

2. Kuzizira Kwambiri:

M'gawo loyamba loyesera, tidatsatira malangizo owumitsira mufiriji, omwe amafuna kuti zinthuzo ziwumitsidwe bwino kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuunika kozizira. Nthawi zambiri, kuzizira kusanachitike kumatenga pafupifupi maola anayi. Poyamba, tinayendetsa compressor kwa maola anayi, tikupeza kuti zinthuzo zinafika pansi -40 ° C, pansi pa kutentha kwa eutectic kwa maluwa.

M'mayesero otsatirawa, tidasintha kutentha kukhala pansi pa kutentha kwa eutectic kwa maluwa ndi 5-10 ° C, kenako tidawasunga pamenepo kwa maola 1-2 kuti tilimbikitse zinthuzo tisanayambe kuyanika. Kuzizira koyambirira kuyenera kusunga kutentha komaliza 5-10 ° C pansi pa kutentha kwa eutectic. Kuti mudziwe kutentha kwa eutectic, njira zimaphatikizapo kuzindikira kukana, kusanthula kwamtundu wa calorimetry, ndi microscope yotsika kwambiri. Tinagwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kukana.

Pozindikira kukana, duwa likatentha kwambiri mpaka kuzizira kwambiri, timibulu ta ayezi timayamba kupanga. Pamene kutentha kumacheperachepera, makristasi ambiri oundana amapangika. Chinyezi chonse cha duwa chikaundana, kukana kumawonjezeka mwadzidzidzi kufika pafupi ndi malire. Kutentha kumeneku kumasonyeza malo a eutectic a maluwa.

Pakuyesako, maelekitirodi awiri amkuwa adayikidwa mumaluwa a duwa pakuzama komweko ndikuyikidwa mumsampha wozizira wa chowumitsira chowumitsira. Kukana kunayamba kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kenako mofulumira pakati pa -9 ° C ndi -14 ° C, kufika pafupi ndi infinity. Choncho, kutentha kwa eutectic kwa maluwa ndi pakati pa -9 ° C ndi -14 ° C.

3. Kuyanika:

Kuyanika kwa sublimation ndiye gawo lalitali kwambiri la kuyanika kwa vacuum. Zimakhudzanso kutentha nthawi imodzi ndi kusamutsa kwakukulu. Pochita izi, chowumitsira chathu chowumitsira chimagwiritsa ntchito makina otenthetsera mashelufu ambiri, kutentha kumasamutsidwa makamaka ndi conduction.

Maluwa akawumitsidwa bwino, yatsani pampu ya vacuum kuti mufikire mulingo wa vacuum womwe udakhazikitsidwa kale mchipinda chowumitsira. Kenako, yambitsani ntchito yotenthetsera kuti muyambe kuyanika zinthuzo. Mukamaliza kuyanika, tsegulani valavu yotulutsa mpweya, zimitsani pampu ya vacuum ndi kompresa, chotsani zouma zouma, ndikusindikiza kuti zisungidwe.

Ⅱ. Njira Zopangira Maluwa Osungidwa

1. Chemical Solution Yoyakira Njira:

Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamadzimadzi m'malo ndi kusunga chinyezi m'maluwa. Komabe, pakatentha kwambiri, zimatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa, nkhungu, kapena kuzimiririka.

2. Njira Yachilengedwe Yowumitsa Mpweya:

Izi zimachotsa chinyezi ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya, njira yoyamba komanso yosavuta. Zimatenga nthawi, zoyenera zomera zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri, madzi otsika, maluwa ang'onoang'ono, ndi tsinde zazifupi.

3. Njira Yowumitsa-Uyumu:

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito chowumitsira kuzizira kuzizira ndikuchepetsa chinyezi cha duwa pamalo opanda vacuum. Maluwa omwe amathandizidwa ndi njirayi amakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso mtundu wake, amakhala osavuta kusungika, ndipo amatha kubweza madzi m'thupi pomwe amasunga mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe.

Ⅲ. Mawonekedwe a Maluwa Osungidwa

1. Opangidwa kuchokera ku Maluwa Enieni, Otetezeka ndi Opanda Poizoni:

Maluwa osungidwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa achilengedwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono, kuphatikiza moyo wautali wamaluwa ochita kupanga ndi makhalidwe owoneka bwino, otetezeka a maluwa enieni. Mosiyana ndi maluwa ouma, maluwa osungidwa bwino amasunga minyewa yachibadwidwe, madzi okwanira, ndi mtundu wake.

2. Mitundu Yolemera, Mitundu Yapadera:

Maluwa osungidwa amapereka mitundu yambiri yamitundu, kuphatikiza mithunzi yosapezeka m'chilengedwe. Mitundu yotchuka ndi ya Blue Roses, komanso mitundu yatsopano yopangidwa kumene monga maluwa, ma hydrangeas, calla lily, carnations, orchids, maluwa, ndi mpweya wa ana.

3. Mwatsopano Wokhalitsa:

Maluwa osungidwa amatha kukhala kwa zaka zambiri, kukhalabe owoneka bwino nyengo zonse. Kutalika kwa nthawi yosungirako kumasiyana malinga ndi luso, ukadaulo waku China umalola kusungidwa kwa zaka 3-5, komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe umathandizira mpaka zaka 10.

4. Palibe Kuthirira Kapena Kusamalira Kofunikira:

Maluwa osungidwa ndi osavuta kusamalira, osafuna kuthirira kapena chisamaliro chapadera.

5. Zopanda Zingwe, Palibe Mungu:

Maluwa amenewa alibe mungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mungu.

Ngati mukufuna wathuChowumitsa Muziziritsakapena muli ndi mafunso, chonde omasukaLumikizanani nafe. Monga akatswiri opanga zowumitsira amaundana, timapereka mitundu ingapo yophatikizira kunyumba, ma labotale, oyendetsa ndege ndi mitundu yopangira. Kaya mukufuna zida zapakhomo kapena zida zazikulu zamafakitale, titha kukupatsirani zinthu ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri.